Signments



(No Model.)

M. W. DEWEY. ELECTRIC HEATING APPARATUS.

No. 494,291. 4 Patented Mar. 28, 1893.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MARK \V. DEWEY, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE AS- SIGNMENTS,TO THE DEIVEY ELECTRIC HEATING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

ELECTRIC HEATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 494,291, dated March28, 1893. Application filed March 24, 1892- Serial No. 126,196. (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, MARK W. DEWEY, of Syracuse, in the county ofOnondaga, in the State of New York, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Electric Heating Apparatus, (Case No. 102,) of which thefollowing, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is afull, clear, and exact description.

Myinvention relates to electric heating apparatus wherein the resistanceor heat developing conductor is of small size or cross-section.

"The object of my invention is to provide a simple, cheap, durable andefficient electric heater that will have a large radiating surface andyet occupy asmall space.

My invention consists in the combination in an electric heater of asupport, a plate on the support, saddles of insulating material on twoedges of the plate, and a resistance-conductor wound around the plateand saddles.

My invention consists also in the combination in an electric heater of asupport consisting of a case or inclosure divided longitudinally in twoparts, supports or holding devices on the interior of the case, a plateor thin body held by said devices parallel to and in the plane of themeeting edges of the parts of the case, a resistance conductor Woundaround the plate, supply conductors leading through the case to theterminals of said resistance conductor, and means to hold the parts ofthe case together and the plate or thin body in position.

My invention consists also in certain other combinations of partshereinafter describedand specifically set forth in the claims.

By my arrangement I am enabled to use less expensive Wire having a lowerresistance, a greater radiating surface, and a larger gage than the wireusually employed and to confine it to a small space without theliability of a short circuit being formed by contact between twoconvolutions thereof. When the heater is limited in size German silverwire may be used or other high resisting material, and when iron is usedit may be galvanized or coated with copper or other suitable material tokeep it from rusting when not in use and exposed to a humid atmosphere.

In the accompanying drawings, Figurel is a side elevation of thecomplete heater. Fig. 2 is an end elevation. Fig. 3 is a top view. Fig.4 is a View of the heater with a half or one of the parts of the supportor casing removed. Fig. 5 is a cross section on line 00,00, of Fig. 1.Fig. 6 shows a side elevation of the plate inside of the case with thesaddles on the edges and the resistance-conductor partly wound aroundthe same. Fig. 7 is a cross section of the plate, &c., on line y, 'y, ofFig. 6. Fig. 8 is a side elevation of one of the saddles of insulatingmaterial enlarged. Fig. 9 is a cross section on line .2, 2, of Fig. 8,and shows also edges of plates both round and chamfered. Fig. 10 is anenlarged side view of a terminal fixed to a corner of a plate, and Fig.ll is another side elevation of the terminal with the plate and bushingin section.

Referring specifically to the drawings, A- represents the support,screen or case holding and inclosing the plate and resistance-conductor.This case has a square or rectangular shape and has perforations orslots a on the top and bottom to allow the circulation of airtherethrough. The slots extend to and in the sides of the case, those inthe top being the longest. The top is the warmest part of the heater,and therefore is provided with larger apertures to permit the heated airto escape rapidly.

The casing A is divided in the middle vertically and longitudinally intwo parts, one of the parts being of the same shape, but the reverse ofthe other part. Each part has a foot or leg -a at each end to raise itfrom the floor. The parts are held together by screws or bolts apassingthrough extensions on the top and bottom of the parts. In the top of thecase, at each end, between the meeting edges is a hole -b with aninsulating or porcelain bushing b' therein for the supply conductors orterminals c to enter. \Vhen the case is not made of metal, which,however, is the material preferred, but of earthenware, as porcelain orsome other insulating material the bushings will not of course berequired.

B- is the plate around which the resistanceconductor or wire -C iswound, and which is supported, held and inclosed by the case A. The saidplate may be of metal, slate or porcelain or other suitable material. Ifthe plate or thin body is made of slate or porcelain or other insulatingand heat-resisting material, saddles -D will not be absolutely necessaryon the edges thereof, but said saddles are preferably used even then inorder to allow thin plates to be used so that the heater will be light,to hold the wire a distance from the plates so that they will not behighly heated, and so that the heat may radiate from all sides of thewire. WVhen the plate -B is made of metal such as cast or sheet iron thesaddles D are used to insulate the bare resistance wire C from the plateand to hold the convolutions apart or separated from veach other. Saidplate is supported in the center of the case -A- parallel to and in theplane of the junction of the parts of the case and extends the entirelength of the case between its ends. The said plate only comesin contactwith the case at its ends where it is held by suitable holding devicesconsisting of projections-dat each corner of each part of the case. Whenthe plate -B is placed in position and the parts of the case -A- arefastened or clamped together by the screws a", the plate will be heldfirmly between the said projections so that it cannot come in contactwith the sides of the case. The plates maybe plain, perforated or ribbedas desired.

The saddles D on the edges of the plate ]3 are U -shaped incross-section and made of porcelain, mica or other suitable vitrified orheated-resisting material. The porcelain saddles are molded with notchesin or teeth e on the sides or round part to hold the convolutions of thewire C equal distances apart and to serve as a measure and guide whenwinding the wire. The notches or spaces between the teeth should besomewhat larger than the wire used.

The saddles D are preferably divided in sections and placed end to end,as shown in Fig. 6, as they are liable to warp when vitrified if madelong.

The lower ends of the terminals or binding screws -c for the heater arebifurcated so that they may extend on both sides of the plate B. If theplate is made of insulating inaterial, a screw fpassed through a hole cin plate and the bifurcated end of the terminal will secure the latterto the plate, but if the plate is constructed of metal as preferred, abushing c' of porcelain or other insulating material is extended throughthe plate and insulates the latter from the said terminal and screw. Thesaid screw-not only serves to secure the terminal c to the plate B butforms a binding screw for the terminal of the resistance-conductor O.Projections g may be formed on the edges of a plate for the end saddlesto abut against, but, this is unnecessary as the wire when wound aroundthe plate and saddles will hold the latter firmly in place.

In Fig. 9 I have shown in dotted lines teeth e upon the sides of thesaddle, butI prefer to use only one row of teeth which are placed on thebend as shown in full lines in the same figure. The edge of the platecan be made either round or chamfered to fit the groove in the porcelainor said edge may be made flat with square corners.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

1. In an electric heater, a plate, saddles of insulating material on twoedges of the plate, and a resistance-conductor wound around the platealternately across opposite planes thereof but not in contact therewith,and a perforated case, as and for the purpose described.

2. In an electric heater, a support, a rectangular plate having itsopposite extremities held by said support, saddles of insulatingmaterial on two edges of the plate, and a resistance-conductor woundaround the plate alternately across opposite planes thereof, but not incontact therewith, and a perforated case, as and for the purposedescribed.

3. In an electric heater, a perforated case, a metal plate held at ornear its corners by the case, saddles of insulating material on twoedges of the plate, and a resistance-conductor wound around the platealternately across opposite planes thereof but not in contact therewith,as and for the purpose described.

4. In an electric heater, a preforated case, a plate held in said case,round or chamfered edges on said plate, saddles of insulating materialon two edges of the plate, and a resistance-conductor wound around theplate alternately across opposite planes thereof, but not in contacttherewith, as and for the purpose described.

5. In an electric heater, a perforated case, a plate in said case, twoelectric terminals or binding screws secured to the plate, sad dies ofinsulating material on two edges of the plate and a resistance-conductorwound around the plate and saddles but not in contact therewith, as andfor the purpose described.

6. In an electric heater, a perforated case, a metal plate held in saidcase, two electric terminals or binding screws secured to but insulatedfrom the plate, saddles of insulat ing material on two edges of theplate, and a resistance conductor wound around the plate and saddles,but not in contact with the plate, as and for the purpose described.

7. In an electric heater, a perforated case,

a body held in the case, saddles of insulating material in sections oneach of two opposite edges of said body, and a resistance-conductorwound around the body and saddles but not in contact with the body, asand for the purpose described.

8. In an electric heater, a perforated case, a metallic body held in thecase, saddles of porcelain in sections on each of two opposite sides ofsaid body, and a resistance-conductor IIO wound around the body andsaddles, but not in contact with the body, as and for the purposedescribed.

9. In an electric heater, a support consisting of a case or screen,inclosing the resistanceconductor, made in two parts, holding devices ateach end of the case, a body around which the resistance conductor iswound between said holding devices, apertures between the parts of thecase and electric terminals connected to the ends of theresistance-conductor and extending through the case between the twoparts thereof as and for the purpose described.

10. In an electric heater, a support consisting of a case or screen,inclosing the resistance-conductor, made in two parts, perforations inthe bottom and top of the case, holding devices at each end of the case,a body around which the resistance conductor is wound between saidholding devices, and electric terminals connected to the ends of theresistance-conductor and extending through the case between the twoparts thereof as and for the purpose described.

11. In an electric heater, a support consisting of, a case or screen,inclosing the resistance-conductor, made in two parts, slots in thebottom, top and sides of the case, holding devices at each end of thecase, a body around which the resistance conductor is wound between saidholding devices, and electric terminals connected to the ends of theresistanceconductor and extending through the case between the two partsthereof as and for the purpose described.

12. In an electric heater, a metal plate, a perforation near the end ofthe plate,a binding screw, ayoke secured thereto and extending on bothsides of the plate, a screw connecting the ends of the yoke through theper foration and an insulating bushing to insulate the yoke and screwfrom the metal plate.

13. In an electric heater, a slotted case made in two parts, a body orbodies of insulating material supported in and by the ends of the case,a resistance-conductor around the body or bodies of insulating material,conductors leading to the interior of the case between the two parts,and screws or bolts extending through the parts of the case to hold themtogether and thereby to hold the said body or bodies in position withinthe case.

14. In an electric heater, a slotted case made in two parts, a body orbodies of insulating material supported in and by the ends of the case,a resistance-conductor around the body or bodies of insulating material,conductors leading to the interior of the case between the two parts,insulating rings between the said parts, and screws or bolts extendingthrough the parts of the case to hold them together and to hold the saidbody or bodies in position within the case and also the insulatingrings.

15. In an electric heater, a support consisting of a case or inclosuredivided longitudinallyin two parts, supports or holding devices on theinterior of the case, a plate or thin body held by said devices parallelto and in the plane of the meeting edges of the parts of the case, aresistance conductor wound around the plate, supply conductors leadingthrough the case to the terminals of said resistance conductor, andmeans to hold the parts of the case together and the plate or thin bodyin position.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name this 21st day ofMarch, 1892.

MARK IV. DEWEY. [L. s]

Witnesses:

H. M. SEAMANs, O. L. BENDIXON.

